Gathering of Indigenous Cultures: Unveiling the Joyous Event of Powwows
Powwows are vibrant gatherings that serve as a celebration of Native American culture, featuring Tribal dances, music, art, and food. These events have historical roots especially in the Great Plains region since the late 19th century and function as both a reunion and a living tradition where music, dance, regalia, and ceremonies embody tribal identity, history, and spirituality.
The powwow I attended last month was my Tribe's annual wacipi (powwow), which is the oldest in South Dakota and the second oldest in the United States. Hundreds of powwows are held annually in the United States and Canada, and they are open to the public, serving as opportunities to share Native cultures with others. Even spotty thunder showers couldn't deter the public from partaking in the outdoor festivities.
Grass dancing originated as a practice for stomping down tall prairie grass as ancestors traveled across the plains. One version of grass dancing is derived from a dance warriors would do after tying one of their legs to a stake during raids, buying time for the rest of their village to escape. Most powwows hold contests for various traditional dance styles, including fancy dancing, grass dancing, jingle dress, and smoke dances or chicken dances (regional).
The term "powwow" originated as an Algonquin word meaning "he dreams." An Arena Director acts as the announcer and Master of Ceremonies (M.C.) during Grand Entry, which marks the start of a powwow. Dancers line up in their unique regalia during Grand Entry, and veterans holding flags often enter the arena at the commencement of Grand Entry.
Eagle feathers may be worn by dancers, and if one falls off, it should be returned to powwow staff. It is illegal for non-Natives to possess eagle feathers according to U.S. law. Each dance style has a unique origin story. For example, the jingle dress category is named for the dress the dancers wear, which is believed to be medicine.
Feasts are held at powwows to feed all present, although vendors offering Native delicacies like frybread or Indian Tacos are also common. Intertribals allow members of the public, regardless of whether they are wearing regalia, to join the dancing.
Powwows vary in size, from several dozen individuals to thousands of people in attendance. Some powwows have special honorings and memorials interspersed throughout the schedule. Stand during specific songs if the arena director asks.
Respecting the cultural and spiritual nature of the event is essential when attending a powwow. Observe respectfully by avoiding walking through dancing areas and following the protocols of the event as instructed by organizers or veteran attendees. Ask before photographing, especially of dancers or ceremonial moments, as some parts are sacred. Dress modestly and comfortably, but avoid wearing Native regalia unless you are an invited participant or have permission. Refrain from touching regalia or drums, as these hold significant cultural and spiritual meaning and should not be handled without consent. Participate respectfully if invited to participate in social dances, following the lead of experienced dancers or event staff. Support the community by purchasing crafts from Indigenous vendors if possible, and honor the event's purpose as a celebration of Native culture, not a spectacle.
By honoring these customs and acknowledging the powwow’s importance as a communal and spiritual event, attendees contribute to the respectful preservation and appreciation of Native American cultures.
- At the powwow, I observed various traditional dance styles, such as grass dancing, which originated from ancient practices symbolizing tribal histories and traditions.
- The community spirit at the powwow was palpable, as it served as an opportunity for sharing Native cultures through art, music, and education-and-self-development, allowing both the Tribe and the public to engage in a meaningful exchange.
- During the event, I admired the vibrant magazines on display, showcasing the rich tapestry of Native American culture, history, and entertainment, providing valuable resources for those wanting to learn more about the community.
