Haryana Board's Geography Syllabus for Class 12th in the academic year 2025-2026 available for download in PDF format here.
Haryana Board Class 12 Geography Syllabus for 2025-2026 Revealed
The Haryana Board of Secondary Education (HBSE) has officially released the syllabus for Class 12 Geography for the academic year 2025-2026. The syllabus is structured around two main books: Fundamentals of Human Geography and India: People and Economy.
Book 1: Fundamentals of Human Geography
The syllabus covers essential topics such as Human Geography Nature and Scope, Distribution, Density and Growth, Human Development, Primary Activities, Secondary Activities, Tertiary and Quaternary Activities, and Transport and Communication, International Trade.
Book 2: India: People and Economy
This book delves into topics like Population: Distribution, Density, Evolution and Structure, Human Settlements, Land Resources and Agriculture, Water Resources, Minerals and Energy Resources, Planning and Sustainable Development in the Context of India, Transport & Communication, International Trade, and Some issues and problems selected in geographical perspective.
Chapter-wise Breakdown
- Chapter 1: Human Geography Nature and Scope — 5 marks
- Chapter 2: Distribution, Density and Growth — 10 marks
- Chapter 3: Human Development
- Chapter 4: Primary Activities
- Chapter 5: Secondary Activities
- Chapter 6: Planning and Sustainable Development in the Context of India — combined 9 marks for chapters 3 to 6
- Chapter 7: Transport & Communication — 6 marks
- Chapter 8: International Trade
- Chapter 9: Some issues and problems chosen in geographical perspective
Additional Components
The syllabus also includes a map work section, a practical assessment worth 20 marks, and an internal assessment worth 20 marks, totalling to a comprehensive evaluation.
Key Topics
- The topic "Rain Water Harvesting" is covered in Chapter 4.
- The topic "Case Study - Integrated Tribal Development Project in Bharmour Area" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Drought Prone Area Programme" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Sea ports and their hinterland" is covered in Chapter 8.
- The topic "Environmental pollution" is covered in Chapter 9.
- The topic "Watershed Management" is covered in Chapter 4.
- The topic "Land Use Categories" is covered in Chapter 3.
- The topic "Case Study Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Planning Approach" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Urbanization" is covered in Chapter 9.
- The topic "Changing patterns of India's international trade" is covered in Chapter 8.
- The topic "Energy Resources and Their Types" is covered in Chapter 5.
- The topic "Land degradation" is covered in Chapter 9.
- The topic "Sustainable Development" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Spatial Pattern of Minerals" is covered in Chapter 5.
- The topic "Water Resources of India" is covered in Chapter 4.
- The topic "Oil and Gas" is covered in Chapter 7.
- The topic "Measures to Promote Sustainable Development" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Air Transport" is covered in Chapter 7.
- The topic "Means of Transportation" is covered in Chapter 7.
- The topic "Airports" is covered in Chapter 8.
- The topic "Target Area Planning" is covered in Chapter 6.
- The topic "Land Transport" is covered in Chapter 7.
- The topic "Water Transport" is covered in Chapter 7.
- The topic "Slum problems" is covered in Chapter 9.
- The topic "Agricultural Land Use in India" is covered in Chapter 3.
- The topic "Problems of Indian Agriculture" is covered in Chapter 3.
- The topic "Rail Transport" is covered in Chapter 7.
The subject code for Class 12 Geography is 579. The syllabus for Class 12 Geography has a total of 100 marks, with 60 marks for theory, 20 marks for internal assessment, and 20 marks for practical assessment.
[1][3] Official Haryana Board website (https://www.bseh.org.in/)
Engaging in online education for education-and-self-development, a student can discover various learning resources related to the subject of Geography. For instance, one can explore educational platforms offering study materials for topics like Rain Water Harvesting or Land Use Categories, both of which are covered in the Haryana Board Class 12 Geography syllabus for 2025-2026. Additionally, one can also access resources on Planning and Sustainable Development in the Context of India or Changing patterns of India's international trade, which are key topics in the aforementioned syllabus.
